Our Story
The CGAI Study is dedicated to exploring the intersection of clinical governance and artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of nursing professionals' decision-making processes. It delves into the dynamics of how perceptions of professional autonomy influence the integration of AI in triage-related decision-making. The aim of this study is to provide insights that enhance understanding of the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving landscape, ultimately contributing to improved patient flow and outcomes.
The Research Team

Raisa Ladha | BPH, MSc, PhD(c)
Primary Investigator
Raisa Ladha is a health system researcher who is committed to enabling equity and efficiency in healthcare concurrently. She is currently pursuing a PhD in Health & Society (Systems, Services and Policy concentration) at McMaster University. Raisa also works at Ontario Health as Lead of Patient and Provider experience, guiding the planning and implementation of province-wide patient and provider experience strategies, as well as supporting system and regional level performance measurement and management, with an emphasis on using data for quality improvement. Her interests lie in health equity, patient advocacy and workforce development.

Dr. Michel Grignon | MA, PhD
PhD Supervisor
Dr. Michel Grignon is a Health Economist and Associate Professor in the Department of Health, Aging and Society at McMaster University. His work intends to bridge the divide between efficiency and equity, and his research has found that healthcare equity can actually increase efficiency by allocating resources more effectively to where they are needed. Through his research, Dr. Grignon tries to answer questions about how, exactly, to measure equity, as well as how to measure health itself. He is Editor-in-Chief of the journal Health Reform Observer – Observatoire des Réformes de Santé, and he is an adjunct scientist at the Institute for Health Economics in Paris, France.

Dr. Gavin J Andrews | BA, PhD, DSc (Higher Doctorate)
Supervisory Committee Member
Dr. Gavin J Andrews is a Professor in the Department of Health, Aging and Society at McMaster University. A geographer by training, much of his work is positional in that it considers the development, state-of-the-art and future of health and human geography. In particular, he is interested in what non-representational and posthumanist theory can tell us about the emergence and immediacy of life, health and wellbeing.

Dr. Andrea Gonzalez | BSc, MA, PhD
Supervisory Committee Member
Dr. Andrea Gonzalez is a Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences at McMaster University. Her research program focuses on the developmental consequences of early life adversity; the impact of traumatic experience on brain development, behavioural outcomes and health; the intergenerational transmission of risk; and developing and evaluating evidence-based preventive interventions. Her overall mission is to generate high quality evidence and programs to build stronger families and communities, thereby creating the best possible foundation for all children.
Advisory Team Members

Dr. Andrew Taylor | MD, MHS
University of Virginia, School of Medicine
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​Vice Chair of Research and Innovation, University of Virginia School of Medicine
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Founder of the Yale Interdisciplinary AI & Medicine Lab (Y-IAML)
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Prev. Director of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine
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Prev. Associate Professor at the Yale School of Medicine & Yale School of Public Health

Dionne Sinclair | RN BScN, MScN, MCHM, CHE, FCAN
The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH)
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Vice President of Clinical Operations & Chief Nursing Executive, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
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Dr. Doris Grinspun | RN BScN, MSN, PhD, LLD(hon), DHC, FAAN, FCAN, O.ONT
Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO)
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Chief Executive Officer, Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario

Emily Myers | BCom, MHSc (Health Administration), CHE
TELUS Health
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Senior Program Manager, TELUS Health
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Co-Chair, GTA Chapter, Canadian College of Health Leaders (CCHL)

Kaitlynn Kylie | RN BScN, MBA
St. Michael's Hospital
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Registered Nurse, St. Michael's Hospital (Emergency Department)
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Triage Committee Member, National Emergency Nurses Association (NENA)
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National Advisory Committee Board Member, Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS)
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Course Instructor, St. Michael's Hospital - Canadian Triage Acuity Scale (CTAS), Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS), and Advanced Trauma Care for Nurses (ATCN)
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ATCN Course Director, St. Michael's Hospital

Dr. Karim Jessa | MD, FRCPC, FAMIA
The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids)
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Chief Medical Information Officer, The Hospital for Sick Children
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Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto

Dr. Karim Keshavjee | MSc, MD, MBA, CCFP
University of Toronto, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation
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Program Director - Health Informatics (MHI)
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Assistant Professor, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation

Laura Zahreddine | RN BScN, MN (Nursing Leadership in Health Policy and Clinical Education)
Provincial Council for Maternal and Child Health (PCMCH)
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Senior Program Manager, Provincial Council for Maternal and Child Health
(lead of the Emergency Department Paediatric Readiness (EDPR) initiative) -
Past experience as a Perinatal Nurse and Clinical Educator

Lorelei Roque-Reyes | RN BScN, PMP, LSSGB
Humber River Health
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Transformation Lead, Humber River Health

Dr. Mary McAllister | RN BScN, PhD, FCAN
University of Toronto, Lawrence Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing
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Adjunct Professor, Lawrence Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto
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Practice Editor, Canadian Journal of Nursing Leadership (Longwoods)
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Retired (2021), Associate Chief, Nursing Practice, The Hospital for Sick Children

Dr. Maya Kesler | BSc, MSc, PhD
Ontario Hospital Association (OHA)
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Senior Scientist, Applied Research, Ontario Hospital Association
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​Assistant Professor (status), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto

Neshma Dhanani | RN BScN, MPH, EdD(c)
College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO)
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Education Consultant, College of Nurses of Ontario
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Doctorate of Education Candidate (Nursing Education) at the University of Calgary, Werklund School of Education

Paul Lacey | RN BScN, ENC(C)
Independent Expert
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Prev. Regional Director (Ontario), National Emergency Nurses Association (NENA)
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Canadian Triage Acuity Scale (CTAS) Instructor Trainer, NENA
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Trauma Nursing Core Course (TNCC) Instructor, Emergency Nurses Association (ENA)
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Global Advisory Committee Chair, ENA

Samantha Li | BSc (Honours), RN BScN, MN (c)
The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids)
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Registered Nurse, The Hospital for Sick Children (Emergency Department)
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Dr. Shanoja Naik | BEd, MSc(Math), MStat, MPhil, PhD
Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO)
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Director, Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO) Research Unit (RRU)

Tristan Wellings | RN BScN, MHI (c)
The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids)
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Clinical Support Nurse, The Hospital for Sick Children (Emergency Department)
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Lead: Clinical Technology Portfolio, The Hospital for Sick Children (Emergency Department)